Back for another Chinese literature lecture note:
The "forty is clarity, fifty knows one's fate" as translated by Paragon is a quote attributed to Confuscious!
Original text:
吾十有五而志于学,三十而立,四十而不惑,五十而知天命,六十而耳顺,七十而从心所欲,不踰矩。
Simple translation:
I was devoted to studying at fifteen, established myself in the world at thirty, no longer felt puzzled in the face of challenges to forty, understood my own limits (realized what is beyond one's control is fate) at fifty, welcome (able to internalise without bias) differing opinions at sixty, do as I like without crossing rules and lines at seventy.
Interpretation:
The quote is a self-reflection of Confuscious' mental growth, from self-discipline to self-awareness and so forth. Confuscious recognises that his morals and worldview was not built in a day, but through various levels at different stages of his life. In some sense, this quote also shows how his morals align with some western philosphers, in regards to what defines belief and ethics, wherein he believes that the highest form of morality is lifelong practising in both speech and actions.