Yeah, English borrows the most from French and then German.
I think the French influence came about from the Duke of Normandy, aka William the Conqueror invading and claiming Britain as his. Most of English's German influence comes from the time of the NA colonies, with lots of German settlers coming in.
There's other languages that got their vocab grabbed by English but those two are the most influential.
I'm also not an etymologist so I could be completely wrong.
Fun fact about Japanese, Korean and Mandarin languages, they're all descended or inherited from Late Middle Chinese, that was common tongue around the Tang Dynasty.
Korean and Japanese actually keeps more influence from Middle Chinese than modern Mandarin does, while Hokkien directly descended from Middle Chinese. Korean language keeps the most I believe, and in some cases Hokkien and Korean sound like each other, just with different accents. For that matter, Cantonese is more similar to Hokkien and therefore related to Middle Chinese than Mandarin.
There's a Youtube channel that did reconstructions of what Old and Classic Japanese sounds like, and if you compare it with reconstructions of Middle Chinese you can figure out exactly when the tonal influence came in.