Usually philosophical concepts and conversations fall a little flat in manga because they boil down to "fight for the sake of your friends!!" Or some trite Naruto bullshit.
That said I appreciate them attempting to tackle it from a state-building standpoint. I don't think the concept of inherent good or inherent evil is particularly interesting, as say; how should a king rule? But I do like that Shin had an actual argument based on evidence and criteria.