Today's chapter has a chengyu, a (chinese) idiom 三十年河东,三十年河西 or
"THIRTY YEARS IN THE EAST
AND THIRTY YEARS IN THE
WEST"
There's a few different ways to translate this chengyu which are correct in different contexts. For example,
The river flows thirty years to the East, thirty years to the West.
Or several other variations:
change is the only constant: ups and downs of life; vicissitudes of life; time changes
There's one really solid good way to understand the meaning of a chengyu/idiom from China. Every Chinese chengyu has a story!
The origin of this saying is traditionally considered to be the Tang Dynasty (618–907 AD) and is the story of a famous general named Guo Ziyi (郭子仪).
Guo Ziyi was a renowned general who played a crucial role in saving the Tang dynasty (the big party🥳 dynasty) during the An Lushan Rebellion, one of the most devastating revolts in Chinese history. He was highly respected and rewarded with wealth and titles for his loyalty and military success.
However, later in life, after he retired, his family's fortunes declined. His descendants were not as fortunate and faced many hardships.
The phrase “三十年河东,三十年河西” is said to have been coined by a relative or descendant of Guo Ziyi who witnessed the rise and fall of the family’s status. They observed how the family had once lived in great prosperity ("east of the river") but now struggled in hardship ("west of the river"). Hence, they remarked:
“Thirty years east of the river, thirty years west of the river.”
This metaphorically described how the tides of fortune had turned dramatically over time.
It typically has two uses in modern day.
1. When someone loses power or wealth
2. When someone becomes too arrogant about their current success
The 2nd meaning appears in this chapter!
This Chengyu is also connected to the Daoist/Buddhist idea of impermanence and the Confucian value of humility