I am amused at the continued insertion of katanas into the story, but at least it's in a way that makes decent sense. The school folk want to learn it because their style kind of wants for that style of sword, and the dwarves don't even care about what kind of sword it is, they just want a new technique.
Superior Nihon, etc....
Same as the insistence that katanas
need to be made of iron sand.
They needn't be, and in fact the very best historical katanas are partly made with iron from european ship's nails. Because the purity of the iron was
much better than the japanese could create with iron sand, and the smiths then knew it, and used it if they could get their hands on them. Iron sand simply was the best iron ore you could find in Japan, so they worked with that..
Same as early european smelters worked with , literally, bog iron. Because that's what they could get their hands on.
In construction and technique they aren't much different from early to high medieval european swords, knives and other assorted StabbyStuff.
If anything european sword construction of those ages was
far more developed and complicated than anything the japanese have ever done. Helped along by the even faster development of european armours.
That said, the katana is one of the greatest types of blades within its niche: fast,
unarmoured duelling-style lethal combat.
The only european blades that are similar are the slighly curved rapiers of the late Elisabethan Age and slightly beyond and the polish infantry sabre of a later era.
All three have a very different fighting style, but you
really don't want to bluster against anyone trained in either.
And having had a go at all three.... I really couldn't tell which one is "superior", all three have their pro's and con's, but
all of them share the "one mistake, and you're Exit" trait.
Pick your poison...
The solid defense and sheer cutting power of the katana.
The cutty/stabby flow of the rapier.
The angry menopausal she-bear lawnmower of the polish sabre...
Oh... And it's
extremely impressive to make a modern, recognised katana ( or a "replica" outside of Japan..) just out of iron sand.
Anyone who can
is a Master Smith. Besides the aesthetics, it is
incredibly difficult to get right.
This is not "Forged in Fire" shyte...