Yes but it is very inefficient, like say ancient egypt was known to have record that its people able to write and read with papyrus and tablet, other might use sand or ground to practice writing, or using wood/bamboo strips as seen in wuxia, sure there are various methods, but who can teach them? And what for?
Only very small margin people can teach the knowledge, and smaller part of peasants can study the knowledge, lastly majority peasants been living without literacy and calculations knowledge, those skills only become seen as relevant post bible become wide spread, and forcing people to be able to read and write was also a struggle. Try not to lump modern thinking and ideas to mess on actual history, cleopatra was beautiful.