Good whetstones were important for thousands of years, when knives were expensive and could not just be thrown away when they became dull. The best and most sought after whetstones in Europe came from Eidsborg in Telemark (Norway), where there were an industry producing them at least as early as 700AD.
The small wooden ships back then, like viking ships etc. used rocks as ballast. When they visited Telemark they would dump the ballast and fill up with whetstones instead, so they could sell them in the next port they visited. The whetstones from Eidsborg were one of the longest lasting export goods from Norway at 1200 years + until cheaper cast whetstones took over the market in the 1950s.
I watched a British documentary about the importance of these whetstones, but couldn't remember the title. Instead I found
this short video.