I absolutely adore the ending section of this chapter. Normally in stories, whenever a "lesser" excels at something and is met with judgement from the "greaters", the one who stands up for them is often portrayed as one with a "pure" outlook. "They put in the effort to reach first place", "one's social standing has no bearing on achievement", and "you only belittle them because you can't accept your own inadequacies" are common sentiments for these scenes, and you can see that here. However, Johannes frames his statement through his religious beliefs, and from that his words begin to sour. He isn't praising Ceska's achievement based on pure academic standards, but merely shifted standards of those of the nobility to those of his religion, one that itself still puts people down based on circumstances related to one's origin.