On the topic of being buff, remember that the exercise itself isn't what makes you buff. It's your recovery afterward when your body rebuilds the microtears more densely to handle the expected demand.
You absolutely can make notable progress just doing a couple sets of strength exercises (compound exercises like bodyweight squats, pushups, and pullups) every few days (twice a week). The key afterward is making sure you have adequate protein while recovering, and really just maintaining a slightly higher protein intake overall (to maintain said muscle).
After that, it's really just making sure you have low enough bodyfat content for your muscles to actually show.
I say this stuff is "simple", but the hardest part is acknowledging that it's a slow process that requires time to maintain throughout, and treating it as such.
If you're honestly hurting so much you can't do much of anything, like draw? Especially after a few sessions (assuming twice a week on strength exercises, by the 4th week)? Going way too hard. Slow down, but don't stop. Muscles will maintain for 4-5 days before any notable decrease, so just try to do your next workout by then to avoid losing them.
And bodyweight squats, pushups, and just hanging off a bar attempting pullups will get you quite far. As long as you're consistent and put in an amount of time you can maintain for the rest of your life. And that amount of time can be much less than what's officially recommended by various health agencies.
I genuinely started with some 3-5 minutes 1-2 times a week 5 or 6 years ago, mostly doing bodyweight squats and pushup attempts. This was where I was obese. Each year, I roughly increased what I did and added some 5 minutes to my routine as I made progress. Now I put in average 2 hours a week with a trip to the gym roughly once a week (2 home sessions taking ~15 minutes each). On weeks I don't go to the gym, it's about 50 minutes of strength exercises at home over the course of a week, with the adjustable-weight dumbbell set and pullup bar. I'm apparently buff now according to family and friends, but I don't feel it (and still have some excess fat + stretched skin in gut, so not chiseled buff either).
-
And since on the topic: plenty of bodyfat and excess weight? Eating too much. Get at least a decent water filter (like, a dedicated filtered water faucet really helps) to delay hunger cravings.
Legitimately, if you aren't already, learn to cook for yourself. That movement itself is "cardio". And all but the unhealthiest of dishes would legitimately be less unhealthy than a restaurant/store-bought equivalent. And more filling.
Recognize too, if you are eating in excess (or just at current weight maintenance), decreasing your food intake by around 5-10% is still going to take time to adapt to. (3-4 weeks until body really adapts to the lowered intake being the new norm, at least for me). If you aim for that decrease every few months, you'll have your calorie intake in solid order, and it will be a lot less harsh than if you cut away 25-40% all at once.
And well, if you really do eat pretty garbage foods regularly (I still do), be mindful of how much you're eating it. And probably take a multivitamin supplement to keep your body going. Not ideal, but better than nothing by far.
-
But ultimately, being buff, nevermind losing bodyfat to be buff 1) requires consistent time dedication (even some 5 minutes every few days is a change that can be rough to be steady on) for as long as you want to maintain it...
And 2) requires a bit more upfront time to learn what works for you in terms of food intake and making a routine (of sorts) you can stick with. And ideally "easily" stick with, hence why you do changes slowly over time. So your body and mind have time to understand what you're demanding of it. Plus, so you yourself understand what actually works, and know what a realistic expectation is.